Grape Variety: Cot

Variety Name	Cot
TTB Approved Name(s)	TTB-approved name is Malbec
Common Synonyms	Malbec, Auxerrois
All Synonyms	Agreste, Auxerrois, Auxerrois de Laquenexy, Auxerrois des Moines de Picpus, Auxerrois du Mans, Balouzat, Beran, Blanc de KIienzheim, Cahors, Calarin, Cauli, Costa Rosa, Cot a Queue verte, Cot de Pays, Cote rouge, Cotes, Doux noir, Estrangey, Gourdaux, Grelot de Tours, Grifforin, Guillan, Hourcat, Jacobain, Luckens, Magret, Malbec, Malbeck, Malbek, Medoc noir, Mouranne, Navarien, Negre de Prechac, Negrera, Noir de Chartres, Noir de Pressac, Noir Doux, Nyar de Presak, Otes rouges, Parde, Perigord, Pied de Perdrix, Pied noir, Pied rouge, Pied Rouget, Piperdy, Plant d'Arles, Plant de Meraou, Plant du Roi, Prechat, Pressac, Prunieral, Quercy, Queue rouge, Quille de Coy, Romieu, Teinturin, Terranis, Vesparo
Countries of Origin	France
Species	Vitis vinifera
Pedigree	Magdeleine Noire des Charentes (a previously unknown variety) x Prunelard (see reference 57)
References	Show 5 references Hide references Christensen, L et al. 2003. Wine Grape Varieties in California. University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources Publication 3419. Robinson, J. 2006. The Oxford Companion to Wine. Third edition. Oxford University Press. Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC). Federal Centre for Breeding Research on Cultivated Plants (BAZ). Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof (IRZ). August, 2007. Link The former National Grape Registry (NGR) was initially compiled and annotated using the earlier version of the Vitis database. The VIVC underwent a significant update beginning in 2007. Corresponding updates to this Registry will be made as necessary. Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB). Code of Federal Regulations Title 27 Part 4.91 List of approved prime names. Link Boursiquot, J.-M., T. LaCombe, V. Laucou, S. Julliard, F.-X. Perrin, N. Lanier, D. Legrand, C. Meredith and P. This. 2009. Parentage of Merlot and related winegrape cultivars of southwestern France; discovery of the missing link, Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 15: 144-155.
Berry Color	Black
Uses	Table,Wine

Cot Selections

Information about: Selection Numbers | Registration Status

How Selection Numbers are Created

Questions are often asked as to how Foundation Plant Services (FPS) decides which number to assign to the grape selections in the foundation vineyard and whether those numbers relate to particular clones that may be the sources of the FPS selections.

The answer for most selections in the FPS foundation vineyard is that selection numbers are assigned by the next available (unused) number in sequence for that variety. There is nothing magical about it. For example, the first Sauvignon blanc selection that came to FPS in 1958 was named Sauvignon blanc FPS 01. The next Sauvignon blanc arrival received the name Sauvignon blanc FPS 02. Gaps in the numbering system in the current list of available selections mean that the omitted number was taken out of circulation for some reason, such as death from disease.

FPS intentionally chose the word "selection" rather than "clone" when referring to the products offered in the foundation vineyard. The word "clone" can be confusing and ambiguous. The major European collections have formal evaluation protocols for grape material to qualify material for release as an official "clone". Evaluation criteria includes field performance and wine making characteristics.

FPS does not perform formal clonal evaluations on the grapevine materials accepted for the foundation vineyard. The word "selection" at FPS simply means the material was collected from a single source vine from the vineyard of origin, whether within the United States or from a foreign vineyard. Some of our numbered selections have been through trials here in California but FPS does not conduct those trials or evaluations.

Having said that, there is a subgroup of selections at FPS that are official numbered clones from the formal clonal development programs in Europe. Those official clones are imported and sold by the owners as proprietary (trademarked) clonal material in the United States. The owners are large government or nursery entities in Europe, such as the ENTAV-INRA® clonal material from the IFV program in France. In order to preserve the identity of those clones, FPS agreed to assign them the same official clone number that the program in Europe gave them when released there. Cabernet Sauvignon 685 from France received the name Cabernet Sauvignon ENTAV-INRA® 685 at FPS. The owners of those proprietary clones are the ones who vouch for or affirm the authenticity of their trademarked clones.

Lastly, there is a small subset of "clones" that came to FPS in the 1980's prior to the establishment of the trademark programs for the European clones. Those clones also came to the United States associated with clone numbers assigned when the clones were developed in Europe. Many of the French clones in that group were developed at Dijon in France and the material has been known as the "Dijon clones". Those French clones were not protected by an official trademark program at the time they came to the United States. Some of those clones are no longer used in France and some were incorporated into the ENTAV-INRA trademark program.

FPS refers to this subset of clones as "generic clonal material". FPS agreed that we would assign those non-proprietary clones a new number at FPS rather than the European clonal number. They received their FPS numbers using the "next in order" rule. We may have a note on the plant description that the selection is "reported to be a certain French clone number". FPS cannot guarantee that such a selection is the official French clone number that it was formally associated with in France.

	Cot 595 (proprietary)
Registration Status	Registered Registered is the ultimate status in the California Department of Food & Agricultures Grapevine Registration & Certification Program. Registered selections have successfully completed all disease testing required by the regulations. Registered selections have also been confirmed as true to variety by experts using visual observations, DNA-based testing or both.
Source	Authorized French clone Cot 595 from ENTAV, France
Treatments	None , Tissue Culture Excision
Proprietary	Proprietary- cannot be distributed without written permission from owner: ENTAV-ITV
Patented / Proprietary	Proprietary
Comments	This proprietary selection was imported to the United States in 2012. The material is official French clone 595, which originated in Cahors vineyards (Lot). The ENTAV catalogue indicates that the clone yields typical, fine and well balanced wines. The original material successfully completed testing in 2013 to qualify for the California Grapevine Registration & Certification Program and will be planted in the Classic Foundation Vineyard. Cot 595 will be distributed by ENTAV licensees.
	Cot 596 (proprietary)
Registration Status	Registered Registered is the ultimate status in the California Department of Food & Agricultures Grapevine Registration & Certification Program. Registered selections have successfully completed all disease testing required by the regulations. Registered selections have also been confirmed as true to variety by experts using visual observations, DNA-based testing or both.
Source	Cot ENTAV-INRA ® 596 authorized clone from ENTAV in France
Treatments	None , Tissue Culture Excision
Proprietary	Proprietary- cannot be distributed without written permission from owner: ENTAV-ITV
Patented / Proprietary	Proprietary
Comments	Cot ENTAV-INRA® 596 came to FPS in 2000 from ENTAV in France. The clone is official French clone 596 developed by IFV in France. It successfully completed disease testing and was planted in the Classic Foundation Vineyard in 2003. In the French system, clonal material is subjected to extensive testing and certification. There are now 16 Cot (Malbec) clones that are certified by the French Department of Agriculture and Fisheries. Cot 596 and Cot 598 are both from Cahors vineyards in the region of southwest France near the Lot River. The IFV catalogue states that these clones are valued for their agronomic characteristics and the quality of wines produced from the grapes. Institut Français de la Vigne et du Vin, 2006.
	Cot 598 (proprietary)
Registration Status	Registered Registered is the ultimate status in the California Department of Food & Agricultures Grapevine Registration & Certification Program. Registered selections have successfully completed all disease testing required by the regulations. Registered selections have also been confirmed as true to variety by experts using visual observations, DNA-based testing or both.
Source	Cot ENTAV-INRA ® 598 authorized clone from ENTAV in France
Treatments	None
Proprietary	Proprietary- cannot be distributed without written permission from owner: ENTAV-ITV
Patented / Proprietary	Proprietary
Comments	Cot ENTAV-INRA® 598 came to FPS in 2000 from ENTAV in France. The clone is authorized French clone 598 developed by IFV in France. It was planted in the Classic Foundation Vineyard in 2002 after successful completion of disease testing. In the French system, clonal material is subjected to extensive testing and certification. There are now 16 Cot (Malbec) clones that are certified by the French Department of Agriculture and Fisheries. Cot 596 and Cot 598 are both from Cahors vineyards in the region of southwest France near the Lot River. The IFV catalogue states that these clones are valued for their agronomic characteristics and the quality of wines produced from the grapes. Institut Français de la Vigne et du Vin, 2006.